Improvement in adding-machines



3Sheets-Sheet1. M. LAWRENCE.

Adding-Machines. N0.157,690. Patented DEC-15,1874.

WITNESSES INVENTOR.

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3 Sheets--Sheet2. 1. M. LAWRENCE. Adding-Machines.

No.157,690. PatentedDeb.151874.

WITNESSES.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. LAVVRENGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN ADDING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 157.690, dated December15, 1874; application filed May 19, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. LAWRENCE, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented, made, and applied to use a new and ImprovedAdding-Machine, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of referencemarked thereon, in whichv s Figure 1 is a top view of my adding-machine.Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, the gong being removed. Fig. 3 is aview of the machine, the top plate being removed. Fig. 4 is a side viewof one of the wheels and collars. Fig. 5 is a view of the opposite sideof the wheel and collar. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the shaft,collar, and wheel. Fig. 7 is an end view of the machine, showing theshaft for operating the gong. Fig. Sis a side view of a portion of themachine, showing the arrangement for striking the gong.

In the drawing like parts of the invention are pointed out by the sameletters of reference.

The nature of the present invention consists in the construction, asmore fully hereinafter set forth, of an improved adding-machine, theobject of the invention being the production of an adding-machine thatshall be reliable in its operations.

To enable those skilled in the arts to make and use my invention, I willdescribe the same.

A shows a base-plate for supporting the operative parts of the machine.B are standards secured upon the base-plate A, and supporting a shaft,0, upon which are placed the counting-wheels D and D any number of whichmay be employed. These wheels may be made of any suitable material, andhave engraved or printed upon them the numbers. Upon one side of theface of each wheel the metal is cut away, as indicated at a, and thiscutting away is directly in line with the ures engraved upon the face,so that as the wheels are revolved the rollers E, held in the arms Fsupported upon a shaft, G, playing in the standards H secured upon theplate A, shall bear upon the wheels D and D by dropping into thecut-away portions of the same, and stop each wheel after it has beenmoved a certain distance, and bring the recording-figure into positionbeneath the openings in the top-plate K. I shows spiral springs woundaround the shaft G, and having their ends attached to the arms F and theplate A. J and J are collars placed upon the shaft 0, and provided witha series of slotted plates, 1), attached at one end of each collar,while upon the opposite end of the collar are out a series ofratchet-teeth, c, with which a pawl, d, engages, and upon this pawl aspring, 0, bears to keep it in position. The pawl d, with which theratchet-teeth c engages, is attached upon the interior of the wheel nextin position upon the shaft 0, and as the collar J is turned, asexplained hereinafter, the ratchetteeth 0 engage with the pawl d andturn the wheel to which it is attached one place or figure. L are aseries of cams secured upon the plate A. The wheels D are provided withthe ears f and openings g, said openings being intended to allow pins hpassed through the ears f to be thrown out and engage with the slottedplates 1) upon the collars J and turn the collars J A spiral spring, 2',is passed over each of the pins h.

The turning of the collars is effected thus When the wheel D has beenmoved eight times, and the figure 9 upon the same has been broughtbeneath the proper opening in the top plate K, thepin h, one end ofwhich impinges against the cam L, has its forward end thrown forwardthrough the opening g, and enters and engages with the plate 1) upon thecollar J and the collar J to which the plate bis attached, is revolved.The spiral spring 2, which is compressed as the pinit is thrown forward,expands and restores the pin h to its former position as the collar isturned and the pin passes the cam L. I

In connection with the wheels D and D are employed a series of tapes orhands, M, numbered on their forward ends from 0 to 9. The rear ends ofthese tapes are attached to the collars J and J N is a shaft, attachedupon the forward under side of the plate K, and

having upon it a series of rollers, N over which the tapes or bands Mpass; and to the forward ends of the tapes or bands may be attachedhooks O, by which the tapes may be drawn out. K shows the upper plate ofthe machine, slotted at its rear end P, and also at its forward end It.The slots P are inserted to allow the figures upon the wheels D and D tobe easily seen when brought into position, and the slots R to allow thefigures upon the tapes or bands to be seen as they are drawn out. Q is ashaft moving in boxes V, attached to the under side of the plate K, andprovided with a series of forked levers, S, and a handle, T, securedupon one end of it, the forked levers being placed beneath the tapes orbands. In 1 advance of the shaft Q is suspended, in boxes XV, the shaftU, the springpieces X provided with the pins Y, the rear portion of saidpins entering the forked levers S, and to the forward portion of whichare attached one end of the spiral springs Z, the opposite ends of whichare attached to the base-plate A.

As the shaft Q is rocked back by the movement of the handle T, theforked levers S, operating upon the pins Y, have a tendency to throwdownward the spring-pieces X, and relieve them from bearing upon theunder sides of the tapes or bands M.

A series of coiled springs, 10, are employed upon the shaft 0 andcollars J and J to cause the return of the tapes or bands after theyhave been drawn out, these springs being expanded as the tapes or bandsare drawn out, and their contraction causing the tapes or hands to bedrawn back to their former position.

Such being the construction, the operation may be thus described: l/Vhenit is desired to add any two series or sums of figures togetheras, forexample, 13 and 7the wheels D and D are revolved until the figure 0 uponsuch wheel is brought opposite the openings in the top plate K. The tapeor band attached to the collar interposed between the wheel upon theright-hand end of the shaft and the next one, or between the unit-wheeland the ten-wheel, (so to speak,) is drawn out until the figure 1 uponit is brought opposite or beneath the opening in the front of the topplate; and by this drawing out of the tape or band the wheel is revolvedone place or figure, and the figure 1 is brought beneath the opening inthe rear of the top plate K. The wheel in this position is held by theroller E in the arm F, which engages with the flanged portion of thewheel and prevents its return, while the tape or band, which, by beingdrawn out or unwound from the shaft 0, has expanded one of the coiledsprings placed upon the shaft 0, is, by the contraction of this springupon the shaft 0, rewound upon said shaft 0. The tape or band attachedto the collar placed at the right of the unit-wheel is now drawn outuntil the figure 3 is brought beneath the opening in the front of theplate K, and the wheel moves sufiiciently to allow the figure 3 to bepresented beneath the opening in the rear of the top plate K. The wheelin this position is held as in the case already described, and the tapeis returned to its former position in the same manner. We now have thefigures 13 presented beneath the openings in the rear of the top plate,and to add 7 to the same the tape or band attached to the collar at theright of the unitwheel is drawn out until the figure 7 is presentedbeneath the proper opening in the front of the top plate K. As the tapeor band is drawn out the wheel is turned until the figure 9 is presentedbeneath the opening, where the rear end of the pin h impinges upon theupper portion of one of the cams L, and is thrown forward so that itsforward end engages with one of the slotted plates b secured upon one ofthe rollers J and the wheel continuingits movement the figure 0 isbrought beneath the proper opening, the collar J is partially revolvedwith the pin engaging with the slotted plate upon it, and, as it ismoved, the ratchet-teeth 0 upon its opposite end are brought intocontact with the pawl (Z secured upon the inside of the ten-wheel, whichis turned one place,

and the figure 2 is brought beneath the proper opening in the rear ofthe top plate, and we have 20, or twenty shown beneath the opening, asthe result of adding seven and thirteen. The operation is precisely thesame as decribed when any number of wheels are used, the tapes or bandsand wheels operating as set forth.

The handle T, attached upon end of the shaft Q, should be thrown forwardwhen it is intended to draw out the tapes or bands, as by this movementthe levers S operate upon the pins Y, and tip down or relieve fromcontact with the tapes or hands the spring-pieces X, and thus allow thetapes to be drawn out freely. \Vhen the tapes or bands are drawn backthe hold upon the handle T may be released and the swing-pieces will bereturned to their bearing upon the under side of the tapes.

A gong or alarm, 11, is attached upon one end of the shaft 0, and thisis intended to be acted on by a hammer, 12, attached upon a shaft, 13,held in boxes 14 secured upon the plate A, and provided with a series oflevers, 15, secured upon it in proper position to engage with the pins16, inserted in the wheels D and D said pins 16 being in line with thefigures upon said wheels. As the wheels are turned one place the pins 16upon them engage with the projecting levers 15 and raise the hammer 12attached to the shaft 13, and as the pins 16 are relieved from contactwith these levers 15 the hammer 12 is thrown down into contact with thegong 11, and an alarm is sounded announcing to the operator that thework is done. A spiral spring, 17, wound around the shaft 13,'andcompressed as the shaft 13 is rocked back, expands as the pins 16 arerelieved from contact with the levers 15, and depresses the hammer uponthe gong.

Having now set forth my invention, what I claim as new is 1. Thecombination, with a series of numbered wheels, D and D supported upon ashaft, (J, of the collars J and J provided with the slotted plates 1)and the ratchet-teeth spring-pieces X, provided with the pins Y, as

c, the numbered tapes 01' bands M, cams L, and for the purposes stated.

ears f, openings g, and pins h, substantially as and for the purpose setforth. JOHN LAWRENCE 2. The c0mbination,with thenumbered tapes Inpresence ofor bands M, of the shaft 0, spings 10, and shaft A. SIDNEYDoANE,

Q, handle T, forked levers S, shaft U, and FRAs. DOMINICK.

